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什麽是啤酒釀造過程中的兩罐法發酵?

作者：山東天泰人氣：发布日期： 2022-03-30

信息摘要：

主發酵和後發酵分別在主發酵罐和後儲酒罐中進行的工藝,稱爲兩罐法發酵。兩罐法發酵工藝也可分爲兩大類。

什麽是啤酒釀造過程中的兩罐法發酵?

      主發酵和後發酵分別在主發酵罐和後儲酒罐中進行的工藝,稱爲兩罐法發酵。兩罐法發酵工藝也可分爲兩大類。
      (1)典型的兩罐法
      麦汁冷却至5~8℃进入锥形主發酵罐,或若干个酵母繁殖槽,接种0.6%~0.8%的酵母,增殖12~16h后移入锥形主發酵罐。外观發酵度达到50%55%时进行封罐,压力控制在0.07~0.1MPa。当外观發酵度达到60%(糖度4.2%~4.8%)时,关闭冷却阀门,使發酵液自然升温至12℃,继续發酵,并促进双乙酰还原。3~4天后,發酵度达到大约65%时，双乙酰含量可降至0.1mg /L 以下。这时开启冷却阀门,以0.3℃/h的速度降温至4~5℃,在此温度下保持12~24h,排放酵母,然后将主發酵液倒入已背压0.06~0.08MPa的锥形储酒罐中。倒罐结束后,啤酒在后储酒罐中以0.1℃/的速度降温至0~1℃,在此温度下后储7~10天,完成酒的成熟滤酒前先排除罐内酵母及沉淀物,调整压力为0.05~0.06MP两罐法發酵工艺的总周期约为23天。
     典型两罐法的优点是錐形罐的利用率较高,经后储后,酵母沉淀较完全,酒液较澄清,过滤性能良好。缺点是倒罐时易摄入氧气,对操作要求高,否则会影响啤酒质量。
精酿啤酒設備,啤酒廠設備,開辦啤酒廠,發酵，錐形罐

精酿啤酒設備,啤酒廠設備,開辦啤酒廠,發酵，錐形罐

     (2)现代主發酵与传统后發酵结合法
     其特点是主發酵在錐形罐中进行,而后發酵和储酒在传统的后發酵罐中进行。因为啤酒后储对啤酒质量有着特殊的意义,所以可采用这种工艺方法生产优质或出口啤酒。
     采用这种工艺,为减少高级醇的生成,在發酵的起始阶段要采取低温,主發酵最高發酵温度不超过9~9.5℃。当錐形罐中主發酵即将结束,酒液的真正發酵度达到50%~55%时,将酒液的温度降至4℃左右,开始从錐形罐底部回收酵母,这时酒液中的酵母细胞浓度要保持在(10~15)×10⁶cfu/mL然後將酒液緩慢倒入儲酒罐,後發酵和儲酒在同一個儲酒罐中進行。當雙乙酰降至規定值後,迅速將罐溫降至0~1℃進行儲酒。采用此工藝一般主發酵和後發酵需要7~10天,低溫儲酒需要10~25天。

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